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Hauptinhalt
Stabile Isotope kommen natürlicherweise in der Umwelt vor. Kohlenstoff zum Beispiel besteht nicht nur aus dem «normalen» 12C (d.h. Atomgewicht=12), sondern es gibt auch einen geringen Anteil von dem schwereren 13C. Beide Isotope werden von den Pflanzen bei der Fotosynthese aufgenommen, jedoch verändert sich dabei das Isotopenverhältnis. Je nach Klima und weiteren Umweltbedingungen findet man darum im Pflanzenmaterial ein anderes Isotopenverhältnis 13C/12C. Misst man dieses Verhältnis im Holz von Bäumen, so kann man etwa den Einfluss von Trockenheit rekonstruieren.
An der WSL betreiben wir mehrere Massenspektrometer zur Bestimmung der Isotopenverhältnisse, in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Paul Scherrer Institut, wobei nicht nur Isotope von Kohlenstoff, sondern auch von Wasserstoff, Stickstoff und Sauerstoff analysiert werden. Mit diesem Instrumentarium können wir eine ganze Palette von wichtigen Fragen zum Nährstoff- und Wasserhaushalt in Wäldern beantworten. Insbesondere nützlich dabei ist die sogenannte komponenten-spezifische Isotopenanalyse, wobei einzelne Blattbestandteile, wie z.B. Zucker, untersucht werden.
Diese Analysen machen wir einerseits für WSL-interne Projekte, wird sind aber im Rahmen von Forschungsprojekten auch interessiert an der Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Institutionen.
Weiterführende Informationen
Kontakt
Dr. Matthias Saurer
Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter
Prof. Dr. Arthur Gessler
Gruppenleiter, Leiter Forschungsprogramm
Dr. Marco Lehmann
Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter
Publikationen
Churakova (Sidorova), O.V.; Saurer, M.; Bryukhanova, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Bigler, C., 2018: Water-use strategies of conifer trees from the Swiss National Park to recent climatic changes. In: Bauch, K. (eds), 2018: Conference volume, 6th symposium for research in protected areas. 6th symposium for research in protected areas, Salzburg, Austria. 107-110.
Churakova (Sidorova), O.V.; Lehmann, M.M.; Saurer, M.; Fonti, M.V.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Bigler, C., 2018: Compound-specific carbon isotopes and concentrations of carbohydrates and organic acids as indicators of tree decline in mountain pine. Forests, 9, 6: 363 (12 pp.). doi: 10.3390/f9060363
Aus der Au, R.; Awada, T.; Hiller, J.; Battipaglia, G.; Saurer, M.; Cherubini, P., 2018: Tree rings of Pinus ponderosa and Juniperus virginiana show different responses to stand density and water availability in the Nebraska grasslands. The American Midland Naturalist, 180, 1: 18-36. doi: 10.1674/0003-0031-180.1.18
Klesse, S.; Weigt, R.; Treydte, F.; Saurer, M.; Schmid, L.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Frank, D.C., 2018: Oxygen isotopes in tree rings are less sensitive to changes in tree size and relative canopy position than carbon isotopes. Plant, Cell and Environment, 41, 12: 2899-2914. doi: 10.1111/pce.13424
Zalloni, E.; Battipaglia, G.; Cherubini, P.; Saurer, M.; De Micco, V., 2018: Contrasting physiological responses to Mediterranean climate variability are revealed by intra-annual density fluctuations in tree rings of Quercus ilex L. and Pinus pinea L.. Tree Physiology, 38, 8: 1213-1224. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpy061
Weigt, R.B.; Streit, K.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W., 2018: The influence of increasing temperature and CO2 concentration on recent growth of old-growth larch: contrasting responses at leaf and stem processes derived from tree-ring width and stable isotopes. Tree Physiology, 38, 5: 706-720. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpx148
Gessler, A.; Cailleret, M.; Joseph, J.; Schönbeck, L.; Schaub, M.; Lehmann, M.; Treydte, K.; Rigling, A.; Timofeeva, G.; Saurer, M., 2018: Drought induced tree mortality - a tree-ring isotope based conceptual model to assess mechanisms and predispositions. New Phytologist, 219, 2: 485-490. doi: 10.1111/nph.15154
Lehmann, M.M.; Goldsmith, G.T.; Schmid, L.; Gessler, A.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W., 2018: The effect of 18O-labelled water vapour on the oxygen isotope ratio of water and assimilates in plants at high humidity. New Phytologist, 217, 1: 105-116. doi: 10.1111/nph.14788
Keller, K.M.; Lienert, S.; Bozbiyik, A.; Stocker, T.F.; Churakova (Sidorova), O.V.; Frank, D.C.; Klesse, S.; Koven, C.D.; Leuenberger, M.; Riley, W.J.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Weigt, R.B.; Joos, F., 2017: 20th century changes in carbon isotopes and water-use efficiency: tree-ring-based evaluation of the CLM4.5 and LPX-Bern models. Biogeosciences, 14, 10: 2641-2673. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-2641-2017
Shestakova, T.A.; Voltas, J.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Kirdyanov, A.V., 2017: Warming effects on Pinus sylvestris in the cold-dry Siberian forest-steppe: positive or negative balance of trade?. Forests, 8, 12: 490 (21 pp.). doi: 10.3390/f8120490
Lehmann, M.M.; Gamarra, B.; Kahmen, A.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Saurer, M., 2017: Oxygen isotope fractionations across individual leaf carbohydrates in grass and tree species. Plant, Cell and Environment, 40, 8: 1658-1670. doi: 10.1111/pce.12974
Blees, J.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Ulevicius, V.; Prevôt, A.S.H.; Dommen, J.; Lehmann, M.M., 2017: Oxygen isotope analysis of levoglucosan, a tracer of wood burning, in experimental and ambient aerosol samples. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 31, 24: 2101-2108. doi: 10.1002/rcm.8005
Timofeeva, G.; Treydte, K.; Bugmann, H.; Rigling, A.; Schaub, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M., 2017: Long-term effects of drought on tree-ring growth and carbon isotope variability in Scots pine in a dry environment. Tree Physiology, 37, 8: 1028-1041. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpx041
Galiano, L.; Timofeeva, G.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Martínez-Vilalta, J.; Hommel, R.; Gessler, A., 2017: The fate of recently fixed carbon after drought release: towards unravelling C storage regulation in Tilia platyphyllos and Pinus sylvestris. Plant, Cell and Environment, 40, 9: 1711-1724. doi: 10.1111/pce.12972
Petrucco, L.; Nardini, A.; Von Arx, G.; Saurer, M.; Cherubini, P., 2017: Isotope signals and anatomical features in tree rings suggest a role for hydraulic strategies in diffuse drought-induced die-back of Pinus nigra. Tree Physiology, 37: 523-535. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpx031
Leonelli, G.; Battipagila, G.; Cherubini, P.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Maugeri, M.; Stenni, B.; Fusco, S.; Maggi, V.; Pelfini, M., 2017: Larix decidua δ18O tree-ring cellulose mainly reflects the isotopic signature of winter snow in a high-altitude glacial valley of the European Alps. Science of the Total Environment, 579: 230-237. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.129
Colombaroli, D.; Cherubini, P.; De Ridder, M.; Saurer, M.; Toirambe, B.; Zweifel, N.; Beeckman, H., 2016: Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tree rings show physiological responses of Pericopsis elata to precipitation in the Congo Basin. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 32, 3: 213-225. doi: 10.1017/S0266467416000134
Keel, S.G.; Joos, F.; Spahni, R.; Saurer, M.; Weigt, R.B.; Klesse, S., 2016: Simulating oxygen isotope ratios in tree ring cellulose using a dynamic global vegetation model. Biogeosciences, 13, 13: 3869-3886. doi: 10.5194/bg-13-3869-2016
Bryukhanova, M.V.; Fonti, P.; Kirdyanov, A.V.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Saurer, M.; Pochebyt, N.P.; Churakova (Sidorova), O.V.; Prokushkin, A.S., 2015: The response of δ13C, δ18O and cell anatomy of Larix gmelinii tree rings to differing soil active layer depths. Dendrochronologia, 34: 51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.dendro.2015.05.002
Esper, J.; Konter, O.; Krusic, P.J.; Saurer, M.; Holzkämper, S.; Büntgen, U., 2015: Long-term summer temperature variations in the Pyrenees from detrended stable carbon isotopes. Geochronometria, 42, 1: 53-59. doi: 10.1515/geochr-2015-0006
Weigt, R.B.; Bräunlich, S.; Zimmermann, L.; Saurer, M.; Grahms, T.E.E.; Dietrich, H.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Nikolova, P.S., 2015: Comparison of δ18O and δ13C values between tree-ring whole wood and cellulose in five species growing under two different site conditions. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 29, 23: 2233-2244. doi: 10.1002/rcm.7388
Frank, D.C.; Poulter, B.; Saurer, M.; Esper, J.; Huntingford, C.; Helle, G.; Treydte, K.; Zimmermann, N.E.; Schleser, G.H.; Ahlström, A.; Ciais, P.; Friedlingstein, P.; Levis, S.; Lomas, M.; Sitch, S.; Viovy, N.; Andreu-Hayles, L.; Bednarz, Z.; Berninger, F.; ... Weigl, M., 2015: Water-use efficiency and transpiration across European forests during the Anthropocene. Nature Climate Change, 5, 6: 579-581. doi: 10.1038/nclimate2614
Streit, K.; Hagedorn, F.; Hiltbrunner, D.; Portmann, M.; Saurer, M.; Buchmann, N.; Wild, B.; Richter, A.; Wipf, S.; Siegwolf, R.T.W., 2014: Soil warming alters microbial substrate use in alpine soils. Global Change Biology, 20, 4: 1327-1338. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12396
Saurer, M.; Spahni, R.; Frank, D.C.; Joos, F.; Leuenberger, M.; Loader, N.J.; McCarroll, D.; Gagen, M.; Poulter, B.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Andreu-Hayles, L.; Boettger, T.; Dorado Liñán, I.; Fairchild, I.J.; Friedrich, M.; Gutierrez, E.; Haupt, M.; Hilasvuori, E.; Heinrich, I.; ... Young, G.H.F., 2014: Spatial variability and temporal trends in water-use efficiency of European forests. Global Change Biology, 20, 12: 3700-3712. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12717
Treydte, K.; Boda, S.; Graf Pannatier, E.; Fonti, P.; Frank, D.; Ullrich, B.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Battipaglia, G.; Werner, W.; Gessler, A., 2014: Seasonal transfer of oxygen isotopes from precipitation and soil to the tree ring: source water versus needle water enrichment. New Phytologist, 202, 3: 772-783. doi: 10.1111/nph.12741
Lévesque, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M.; Eilmann, B.; Rigling, A., 2014: Increased water-use efficiency does not lead to enhanced tree growth under xeric and mesic conditions. New Phytologist, 203, 1: 94-109. doi: 10.1111/nph.12772
Konter, O.; Holzkämper, S.; Helle, G.; Büntgen, U.; Saurer, M.; Esper, J., 2014: Climate sensitivity and parameter coherency in annually resolved δ13C and δ18O from Pinus uncinata tree-ring data in the Spanish Pyrenees. Chemical Geology, 377: 12-19. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.03.021
Hommel, R.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M.; Farquhar, G.D.; Kayler, Z.; Ferrio, J.P.; Gessler, A., 2014: Drought response of mesophyll conductance in forest understory species - impacts on water-use efficiency and interactions with leaf water movement. Physiologia Plantarum, 152, 1: 98-114. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12160
Leonelli, G.; Pelfini, M.; Battipaglia, G.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.; Cherubini, P., 2014: First detection of glacial meltwater signature in tree-ring δ18O: reconstructing past major glacier runoff events at Lago Verde (Miage Glacier, Italy). Boreas, 43, 3: 600-607. doi: 10.1111/bor.12055
Battipaglia, G.; De Micco, V.; Brand, W.A.; Saurer, M.; Aronne, G.; Linke, P.; Cherubini, P., 2014: Drought impact on water use efficiency and intra-annual density fluctuations in Erica arborea on Elba (Italy). Plant, Cell and Environment, 37, 2: 382-391. doi: 10.1111/pce.12160
Kress, A.; Hangartner, S.; Bugmann, H.; Büntgen, U.; Frank, D.C.; Leuenberger, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Saurer, M., 2014: Swiss tree rings reveal warm and wet summers during medieval times. Geophysical Research Letters, 41, 5: 1732-1737. doi: 10.1002/2013GL059081
Churakova (Sidorova), O.V.; Eugster, W.; Zielis, S.; Cherubini, P.; Etzold, S.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Buchmann, N., 2014: Increasing relevance of spring temperatures for Norway spruce trees in Davos, Switzerland, after the 1950s. Trees: Structure and Function, 28, 4: 183-191. doi: 10.1007/s00468-013-0941-6
Streit, K.; Rinne, K.T.; Hagedorn, F.; Dawes, M.A.; Saurer, M.; Hoch, G.; Werner, R.A.; Buchmann, N.; Siegwolf, R.T.W., 2013: Tracing fresh assimilates through Larix decidua exposed to elevated CO2 and soil warming at the alpine treeline using compound-specific stable isotope analysis. New Phytologist, 197, 3: 838-849. doi: 10.1111/nph.12074
Lévesque, M.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.; Eilmann, B.; Brang, P.; Bugmann, H.; Rigling, A., 2013: Drought response of five conifer species under contrasting water availability suggests high vulnerability of Norway spruce and European larch. Global Change Biology, 19, 10: 3184-3199. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12268
Battipaglia, G.; Saurer, M.; Cherubini, P.; Calfapietra, C.; McCarthy, H.R.; Norby, R.J.; Cotrufo, M.F., 2013: Elevated CO2 increases tree-level intrinsic water use efficiency: insights from carbon and oxygen isotope analyses in tree rings across three forest FACE sites. New Phytologist, 197, 2: 544-554. doi: 10.1111/nph.12044
Saurer, M.; Kress, A.; Leuenberger, M.; Rinne, K.T.; Treydte, K.S.; Siegwolf, R.T.W., 2012: Influence of atmospheric circulation patterns on the oxygen isotope ratio of tree rings in the Alpine region. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117: D05118 (12 pp.). doi: 10.1029/2011JD016861
Hangartner, S.; Kress, A.; Saurer, M.; Frank, D.; Leuenberger, M., 2012: Methods to merge overlapping tree-ring isotope series to generate multi-centennial chronologies. Chemical Geology, 294-295: 127-134. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.11.032
Leonelli, G.; Battipaglia, G.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Saurer, M.; Morra di Cella, U.; Cherubini, P.; Pelfini, M., 2012: Climatic isotope signals in tree rings masked by air pollution: a case study conducted along the Mont Blanc Tunnel access road (Western Alps, Italy). Atmospheric Environment, 61: 169-179. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.023
Tognetti, R.; Lombardi, F.; Lasserre, B.; Battigpaglia, G.; Saurer, M.; Cherubini, P.; Marchetti, M., 2012: Tree-ring responses in Araucaria araucana to two major eruptions of Lonquimay Volcano (Chile). Trees: Structure and Function, 26, 6: 1805-1819. doi: 10.1007/s00468-012-0749-9
Moreno-Gutiérrez, C.; Battipaglia, G.; Cherubini, P.; Saurer, M.; Nicolás, E.; Contreras, S.; Querejeta, J.I., 2012: Stand structure modulates the long-term vulnerability of Pinus halepensis to climatic drought in a semiarid Mediterranean ecosystem. Plant, Cell and Environment, 35, 6: 1026-1039. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02469.x
De Micco, V.; Battipaglia, G.; Brand, W.A.; Linke, P.; Saurer, M.; Aronne, G.; Cherubini, P., 2012: Discrete versus continuous analysis of anatomical and δ13C variability in tree rings with intra-annual density fluctuations. Trees: Structure and Function, 26, 2: 513-524. doi: 10.1007/s00468-011-0612-4
Beghin, R.; Cherubini, P.; Battipaglia, G.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M.; Bovio, G., 2011: Tree-ring growth and stable isotopes (13C and 15N) detect effects of wildfires on tree physiological processes in Pinus sylvestris L.. Trees: Structure and Function, 25, 4: 627-636. doi: 10.1007/s00468-011-0539-9
Endrulat, T.; Saurer, M.; Buchmann, N.; Brunner, I., 2010: Incorporation and remobilization of 13C within the fine-root systems of individual Abies alba trees in a temperate coniferous stand. Tree Physiology, 30, 12: 1515-1527. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpq090
Kress, A.; Saurer, M.; Siegwolf, R.T.W.; Frank, D.C.; Esper, J.; Bugmann, H., 2010: A 350 year drought reconstruction from Alpine tree ring stable isotopes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 24: GB2011 (16 pp.). doi: 10.1029/2009gb003613
Esper, J.; Frank, D.C.; Battipaglia, G.; Büntgen, U.; Holert, C.; Treydte, K.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M., 2010: Low-frequency noise in δ13C and δ18O tree ring data: a case study of Pinus uncinata in the Spanish Pyrenees. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 24: GB4018 (11 pp.). doi: 10.1029/2010GB003772
Pollastrini, M.; Desotgiu, R.; Cascio, C.; Bussotti, F.; Cherubini, P.; Saurer, M.; Gerosa, G.; Marzuoli, R., 2010: Growth and physiological responses to ozone and mild drought stress of tree species with different ecological requirements. Trees: Structure and Function, 24, 4: 695-704. doi: 10.1007/s00468-010-0439-4
Cocozza, C.; Cherubini, P.; Regier, N.; Saurer, M.; Frey, B.; Tognetti, R., 2010: Early effects of water deficit on two parental clones of Populus nigra grown under different environmental conditions. Functional Plant Biology, 37, 3: 244-254. doi: 10.1071/Fp09156
Battipaglia, G.; De Micco, V.; Brand, W.A.; Linke, P.; Aronne, G.; Saurer, M.; Cherubini, P., 2010: Variations of vessel diameter and δ13C in false rings of Arbutus unedo L. reflect different environmental conditions. New Phytologist, 188, 4: 1099-1112. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03443.x
Eilmann, B.; Buchmann, N.; Siegwolf, R.; Saurer, M.; Cherubini, P.; Rigling, A., 2010: Fast response of Scots pine to improved water availability reflected in tree-ring width and δ13C. Plant, Cell and Environment, 33, 8: 1351-1360. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02153.x
Kress, A.; Saurer, M.; Büntgen, U.; Treydte, K.S.; Bugmann, H.; Siegwolf, R.T.W., 2009: Summer temperature dependency of larch budmoth outbreaks revealed by Alpine tree-ring isotope chronologies. Oecologia, 160, 2: 353-365. doi: 10.1007/s00442-009-1290-4
Novak, K.; Cherubini, P.; Saurer, M.; Fuhrer, J.; Skelly, J.M.; Kräuchi, N.; Schaub, M., 2007: Ozone air pollution effects on tree-ring growth, δ13C, visible foliar injury and leaf gas exchange in three ozone-sensitive woody plant species. Tree Physiology, 27, 7: 941-949. doi: 10.1093/treephys/27.7.941
Schleppi, P.; Bucher-Wallin, I.; Saurer, M.; Jäggi, M.; Landolt, W., 2006: Citric acid traps to replace sulphuric acid in the ammonia diffusion of dilute water samples for 15N analysis. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 20, 4: 629-634. doi: 10.1002/rcm.2351
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