Contenuto principale

WSL Pagina principale Chi siamo Unità di ricerca Ecologia delle comunitàPascoli alberati e zone umide

Ecologia vegetale funzionale

Contenuto principale

Il nostro obiettivo è quello di comprendere meglio le dinamiche degli ecosistemi terrestri di fronte ai cambiamenti globali, con l'obiettivo di anticiparne e mitigarne gli impatti.

Il ruolo della biodiversità sui servizi e le funzioni ecosistemiche, così come i processi fisiologici delle risposte delle piante ai vincoli climatici, costituiscono il nostro tema centrale.

A tal fine, applichiamo tecnologie all'avanguardia con scale di analisi che vanno dalla cellula all'ecosistema e che coprono un ampio gradiente di condizioni ambientali in ambienti temperati, mediterranei e tropicali.

Utilizziamo vari approcci: esperimenti in condizioni controllate (serra, camera di crescita), manipolazione del clima in ambienti naturali (intercettazione della pioggia e aumento della temperatura) e monitoraggio a lungo termine nelle reti di inventario nazionali e internazionali.

Questo metodo di studio integrativo avrà obiettivi sia teorici che applicati, poiché consentirà di parametrizzare i modelli predittivi di risposta della vegetazione ai cambiamenti globali, migliorando al contempo la pianificazione e lo sviluppo sostenibile dei nostri ecosistemi.

Informazioni supplementari

Progetti

Leaf temperature reconstruction

We critically lack leaf temperature assessments because of the difficulties associated with these measurements. The project aims at developing a novel approach that reconstructs leaf temperature over multiple time scales using plant water isotopes.

Abisko Long-Term Ecological Research ALTER

Setting up the ALTER experiment in Abisko, Sweden for non-destructive in situ monitoring of belowground vegetation and microbial dynamics.

Invasiveness of T. fortunei in the forests of southern Switzerland

The invasion of ecosystems by non-native species is one of the largest threats for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide. To control the spread of non-native plants, it is crucial to understand by which mechanisms they outperform native vegetation.

Polytunnel Greenhouse Experiment

Das Projekt untersucht, wie gut zukunftsfähige Baumarten während der Verjüngungsphase in einem Klima mit wärmeren Wintern und heiss-trockenen Sommermonaten wachsen, wie sie sich gegenseitig beeinflussen und welche Auswirkungen ihre Präsenz auf den Boden und die darin lebenden Organismen hat.

Acclimation and environmental memory

Which are the main mechanisms conveying adaptation on the organ and whole tree level, how fast does acclimation occur and how long is an acclimation potential sustained?

PFF2020

Our main objective is the installation of a long-term Plant Physiological Facility for online determination of gas exchange and isotope fractionations at WSL in the 2020s.

Reconnaître les dendro-microhabitats: visite virtuelle immersive d'une forêt

Les dendro-microhabitats sont importants pour la biodiversité en forêt. Ce projet élabore un nouvel outil destiné aux gestionnaires forestiers, afin de les aider à identifier les dendro-microhabitats et connaître leurs rôles écologiques.

Root endophytic fungi and their contribution to arctic and alpine climate change feedback

Arctic and Alpine vegetation dynamics under climate change can exert a lasting impact on belowground processes and ultimately on world's largest carbon stocks. This long-term field manipulation investigates the functional significance of plant interactions with species-specific endophytic fungi.

The role of mycorrhizae in soil carbon storage of mountain ecosystems

This research project focuses on the role of mycorrhizae in the turnover of soil organic carbon in mountain ecosystems. It estimates the potential release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere resulting from changes in above and belowground communities.

Wälder im Klimastress

In this project we will assess the physiological processes by which trees adjust and interact among each other under a changing climate, determine the consequences of these processes on forest responses to climatic stresses and improve our understanding of these effects on forests functioning at a large comprehensive scale.

MOUNTROOT

The project MOUNTROOT aims at comparing structure-function relationship in roots of two dominant herb species of pasture-woodlands in response to simulated climate change, and to integrate these below-ground insights with above-ground responses to a whole-plant framework.

Dynamik von Totholz und xylobionten Insekten in Waldreservaten

Totholz ist Lebensgrundlage für rund einen Viertel aller Organismen im Wald. Die künftig wahrscheinliche Intensivierung der Holzwirtschaft wird viele holzbewohnende Insekten noch stärker gefährden. In diesem Projekt werden in Waldreservaten die Entstehung und der Abbau von Totholz quantifiziert, die Abhängigkeit von Insekten von Totholz untersucht und Mindestwerte für das Totholzangebot abgeleitet.

Mountland

Das Forschungsprojekt "Mountland" untersucht die möglichen Auswirkungen von potentiellen zukünftigen Klima- und Landnutzungsänderungen auf Ökosystemleistungen in Berggebieten. Das Projekt kombiniert in einem integrativen Vorgehen natur-, sozial- und politikwissenschaftlichen Methoden kombinieren, um Grundlagen für die Entwicklung von nachhaltigen Management- und Politikalternativen zu schaffen.

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Pubblicazioni

Walde, M.; Allan, E.; Cappelli, S.L.; Didion-Gency, M.; Gessler, A.; Lehmann, M.M.; Pichon, N.A.; Grossiord, C., 2021: Both diversity and functional composition affect productivity and water use efficiency in experimental temperate grasslands. Journal of Ecology, doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.13765

Trotsiuk, V.; Babst, F.; Grossiord, C.; Gessler, A.; Forrester, D.I.; Buchmann, N.; Schaub, M.; Eugster, W., 2021: Tree growth in Switzerland is increasingly constrained by rising evaporative demand. Journal of Ecology, 109, 8: 2981-2990. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.13712

Didion‐Gency, M.; Bachofen, C.; Buchmann, N.; Gessler, A.; Morin, X.; Vicente, E.; Vollenweider, P.; Grossiord, C., 2021: Interactive effects of tree species mixture and climate on foliar and woody trait variation in in a widely distributed deciduous tree. Functional Ecology, doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13898

Pivovaroff, A.L.; Wolfe, B.T.; McDowell, N.; Christoffersen, B.; Davies, S.; Dickman, L.T.; Grossiord, C.; Leff, R.T.; Rogers, A.; Serbin, S.P.; Wright, S.J.; Wu, J.; Xu, C.; Chambers, J.Q., 2021: Hydraulic architecture explains species moisture dependency but not mortality rates across a tropical rainfall gradient. Biotropica, 53, 4: 1213-1225. doi: 10.1111/btp.12964

Conedera, M.; Risch, A.; Grossiord, C.; Bebi, P., 2021: Research Unit Community Ecology. In: Ferretti, M.; Fischer, C.; Gessler, A. (eds), 2021: Towards an advanced inventorying and monitoring system for the Swiss forest. Towards an advanced inventorying and monitoring system for the Swiss forest, Birmensdorf. 43-44.

Bütler, R.; Rosset, C.; Larrieu, L., 2021: Reconnaître les arbres-habitats grâce à l'application habitat.sylvotheque.ch. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen, 172, 4: 242-245. doi: 10.3188/szf.2021.0242

Fang, Y.; Leung, L.R.; Wolfe, B.T.; Detto, M.; Knox, R.G.; McDowell, N.G.; Grossiord, C.; Xu, C.; Christoffersen, B.O.; Gentine, P.; Koven, C.D.; Chambers, J.Q., 2021: Disentangling the effects of vapor pressure deficit and soil water availability on canopy conductance in a seasonal tropical forest during the 2015 El Niño drought. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 126, 10: e2021JD035004 (20 pp.). doi: 10.1029/2021JD035004

Wang, W.; English, N.B.; Grossiord, C.; Gessler, A.; Das, A.J.; Stephenson, N.L.; Baisan, C.H.; Allen, C.D.; McDowell, N.G., 2021: Mortality predispositions of conifers across western USA. New Phytologist, 229, 2: 831-844. doi: 10.1111/nph.16864

Bütler, R.; Rosset, C.; Larrieu, L., 2021: Baummikrohabitate entdecken. Wald und Holz, 102, 5: 15-16.

Bütler, R.; Rosset, C.; Larrieu, L., 2021: Découverte ludique et utile des dendromicrohabitats. Forêt, 74, 5: 10-11.

Vust, M.; Mola Djebarri, M.; Clerc, P.; Bütler, R., 2021: Diversité des lichens et enjeux de gestion dans les forêts de Montricher. Mémoires de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 29: 95-122.

Silva, M.; Drollinger, F.; Morard, E.; Bütler, R., 2021: Évolution du bois mort dans les forêts de Montricher. Mémoires de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 29: 47-61.

Diefendorf, A.F.; Bickford, C.P.; Schlanser, K.M.; Freimuth, E.J.; Hannon, J.S.; Grossiord, C.; McDowell, N.G., 2021: Plant wax and carbon isotope response to heat and drought in the conifer Juniperus monosperma. Organic Geochemistry, 153: 104197 (12 pp.). doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2021.104197

Know, protect and promote habitat trees

Habitat trees are a key component of forest biodiversity. Experts from Europe have developed a typology of tree-related microhabitats, small life-sites borne by some trees, which are indispensable for thousands of specialised organisms.

WSL fact sheet 64

2021

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Sevanto, S.; Grossiord, C.; Klein, T.; Reed, S., 2020: Editorial: Plant-soil interactions under changing climate. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11: 621235 (2 pp.). doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.621235

Habitatbäume kennen, schützen und fördern

Habitatbäume sind eine Schlüsselkomponente der Waldbiodiversität. Fachleute aus Europa erarbeiteten eine Typologie der Lebensräume (sogenannte Baummikrohabitate), die auf Bäumen vorkommen und für Tausende von spezialisierten Lebewesen unentbehrlich sind.

Merkblatt für die Praxis 64

2020

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Connaître, conserver et promouvoir les arbres-habitats

Les arbres-habitats sont des éléments clés pour les espèces vivant en forêt. Des spécialistes européens ont élaboré une typologie détaillée des dendromicrohabitats, petits milieux de vie portés par les arbres et qui sont indispensables à des milliers d’organismes spécialisés.

Notice pour le praticien 64

2020

Scaricare

Bütler, R.; Rosset, J.; Perusset, A., 2020: Nyon-St-Cergue - a case from western Switzerland. In: Krumm, F.; Schuck, A.; Rigling, A. (eds), 2020: How to balance forestry and biodiversity conservation. A view across Europe. Birmensdorf, European Forest Institute (EFI); Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL). 285-293.

Wang, W.; McDowell, N.G.; Pennington, S.; Grossiord, C.; Leff, R.T.; Sengupta, A.; Ward, N.D.; Sezen, U.U.; Rich, R.; Megonigal, J.P.; Stegen, J.C.; Bond-Lamberty, B.; Bailey, V., 2020: Tree growth, transpiration, and water-use efficiency between shoreline and upland red maple (Acer rubrum) trees in a coastal forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 295: 108163 (12 pp.). doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108163

Von Freyberg, J.; Allen, Scott.T.; Grossiord, C.; Dawson, T.E., 2020: Plant and root-zone water isotopes are difficult to measure, explain, and predict: some practical recommendations for determining plant water sources. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 11, 11: 1352-1367. doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13461

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