Primeval forest structures and biodiversity: A Swiss-Ukrainian research cooperation

The Ukrainian Carpathians harbor still more than 200 km² (20’000 hectares) of primeval forests, most of them are within the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (CBR). An outstanding example of such a forest undisturbed by man is the primeval forest of Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh (approx. 100 km²), which was inscribed to the UNESCO World Natural Heritage List in 2007, together with some other primeval forest relicts in Slovakia and Ukraine.

Beech forests are among the most important forest types of Switzerland. Their structure and biological diversity have been altered, however, by centuries of intensive forest management. Primeval beech forests do not exist anymore in Switzerland. The primeval forests of the Carpathians, which are similar to many forests in Switzerland with regards to tree species composition and growth conditions, are therefore of high interest to WSL as research and reference objects.

The WSL has been collaborating with the CBR and other Ukrainian research institutes and universities since 1999. The general aims of this research cooperation are:

• to network experts and to encourage collaboration and scientific exchange in the field of primeval forest and biodiversity research;
• to carry out joint research projects to obtain new insights into the structures, dynamics and diversity of natural ecosystems undisturbed by man;
• to harmonize research and inventory methods to facilitate the exchange and comparability of data and results;
• to strengthen the mid-level academic staff and promote young researchers;
• to raise publicity and awareness of the Ukrainian primeval forests to ensure their long-term protection;
• to foster a sustainable, nature-oriented forest management.