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Dendrowissenschaften

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Anhand von Jahrringen untersuchen wir Einflüsse der Umwelt auf das Baumwachstum und rekonstruieren deren Veränderungen. Wir möchten die zugrundeliegenden physiologischen Prozesse, insbesondere die der Wasser- und Kohlenstoffkreisläufe verstehen. Mittels Zeitreihenanalyse der Schwankungen von Jahrringbreite, Röntgendichte, stabilen Isotopen und holzanatomischer Merkmale decken wir dabei eine räumlich-zeitliches Spektrum von Minuten bis Jahrtausenden und von Zellen bis zu weltweiten Ökosystemen ab. Die Weiterentwicklung wissenschaftlicher Geräte, Software und statistischer Methoden ist wichtiger Bestandteil unserer Forschung.

WEITERFÜHRENDE INFORMATIONEN

Projekte

Nanoparticle Trafficking in Trees

Our project, which proposes a novel approach (i.e., the use of virus-like particles), is key for the fundamental biological understanding of the transport and fate of nanoparticles in forest trees. Possible immediate applications include the development of new solutions for the nano-enabled foliar-a

High-resolution climate reconstruction

Tree-ring d13C variations are a valuable archive of climatic information. A novel laser-ablation isotope-ratio mass-spectrometer enables to study variations within a single tree ring. We therefore plan to determine the occurrence of dry and wet periods of the past with unprecedented resolution.

Nanoplastic uptake and transport in trees

In this project we assess the uptake and transport of nanoplastics in trees by using polystyrene nanoparticles doped with Palladium and detection of these particles with ICP-MS.

European beech under climate change

We will conduct a continental-scale climate sensitivity analysis of European beech and will investigate how different beech provenances differ in their climate growth response.

COMMON-RING SwissForestLab Project

Accounting for evolutionary responses based on tree-ring traits will allow reducing uncertainties in the spatial distributions of European trees species under forthcoming climate change scenarios

ROXAS X

The aim of this project is the complete revision of ROXAS, the successful image analysis tool for quantifying xylem cell anatomical features is ROXAS.

Dürre & Buche: Auswirkungen der Sommerdürre 2018 auf die Buche auf der Alpennordseite

In diesem Projekt untersuchen wir mögliche Ursachen für die Auswirkungen der Sommerdürre 2018 auf die Vitalität von Buchen im Schweizer Mittelland und Jura.

ExtremeImpact

This project build up on high-resolution observations of conifer tree growth in the Swiss Lötschental valley to quantify at cell-based resolution the impact of the extreme summer drought 2015 on tree-ring biomass, sapwood conductivity, and water use efficiency.

Moringa

We aim on analyzing the exact formation of tree-rings (Xylogenesis) in Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori during a calendar year, building a long chronology for this species, and analyzing 13C and 18O to assess the tree-environment interactions, particularly precipitation.

Bridging paleoclimate records and climate model simulations

We plan to measure anatomical properties of trees that grow in highly temperature-restricted environments and compare and assimilate them with ensembles of climate models (PMIP4/CMIP6).

Acclimation and environmental memory

Which are the main mechanisms conveying adaptation on the organ and whole tree level, how fast does acclimation occur and how long is an acclimation potential sustained?

Swiss Biomass

Ziel des Projekts ist es, mittels nicht-destruktiven Messmethoden die Biomasse von Einzelbäumen genauer bestimmen zu können. Solche Biomasseschätzungen sind zentral für das Treibhausgasinventar, das Kyoto Reporting und für die Abschätzung von Holzressourcen und Bioenergiepotentialen.

Anyui - Vulkane, Klima und die Bevölkerungen der Americas

We performed ambitious fieldwork on and documentation of the little-known Anyui volcano in northeast Siberia.

Caldera

In this SNF funded Sinergia project - aimed at quantifying climate and societal impacts induced by major volcanic eruptions of the Common Era - the WSL mainly contribute by providing a unprecedented millennial long chronology of wood cell anatomical features.

Assessing past atmospheric composition in Northern China using novel tree-ring analyses

We aim to assess the presence of particles in trees and to correlate them through dating to known air pollution and sandstorms' episodes.

XELLCLIM

We identify the best xylem cell anatomical features for climate reconstructions and assess their characteristics across temporal scales compared to established tree-ring parameters, and against instrumental records and climate model simulations.

GenWood

Wir verbinden genomische und dendro-phänotypische Daten der Fichte (Picea abies) um die genomische Basis der Holzanatomie zu studieren und das Anpassungspotenzial von Waldbäume under dem Klimawandel einzuschätzen.

Isodrought

We want to explore a stable isotope tree-ring approach for analyzing physiological drought responses of trees. The results are expected to provide a novel diagnostic tool for understanding causes of tree decline.

BLACKDYNAMITE

Das spanisch-schweizerische Projekt untersucht die Dynamik und Konkurrenz der hoch geschätzten schwarzen Périgord und Burgunder Trüffel unter dem Einfluss des Klimawandels.

Environmental impact on wood formation

Wood formation is a process that not only fix carbon into the wood structure, but also determine how much and how safely water can be transported trough the stem of a tree. This project make use of dated tree-rings to investigate how the environment impacts wood formation and structure

Adaptation of trees to extreme climate events

Extreme climate events are expected to become more frequent with climate warming. We test genetic differentiation in resistance to late frost and drought in silver fir populations planted in the 1980s in Swizterland and abroad.

GenTree

GenTree aims at providing the European forestry sector with better knowledge, methods and tools for optimizing the management and sustainable use of forest genetic resources in Europe in the context of climate change and continuously evolving demands for forest products and services.

Götterbäume in der Südschweiz

Götterbäume breiten sich derzeit rasant in den milden Lagen der Südschweiz aus und werfen vor allem im Schutzwald grosse Fragen auf: Als kurzlebige Pionierbaumart mit gebietsweise hohem Kernfäulebefall können sie zu einer Destabilisierung beitragen, die waldbaulich schwer zu korrigieren ist.

MOUNTROOT

The project MOUNTROOT aims at comparing structure-function relationship in roots of two dominant herb species of pasture-woodlands in response to simulated climate change, and to integrate these below-ground insights with above-ground responses to a whole-plant framework.

Subalpine Fichtenwälder in Bulgarien

Die WSL untersucht in grossen unbewirtschafteten Wäldern Bulgariens, wie Bergwälder auf den Klimawandel reagieren könnten.

Disentangling truffle ecology

We study the complex biotic and abiotic ecology and the population genetics of the Burgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum) in Switzerland and the German pre-Alps, with particular emphasis on the ecological and climatological drivers for the productivity and phenology of this most valuable truffle species.

Below-canopy climate

Microclimate is a key factor influencing regeneration in forests. Particularly available light, water supply and temperature determine the success or failure of certain tree species. How will future climate change influence below-canopy microclimate and tree regeneration?

Das Lötschental

Das Lötschental im Wallis: ein idealer Untersuchungsraum, um den Einfluss der globalen Erwärmung auf das Baumwachstum zu studieren.

Quality wood production

The WSL initiated together with other institutions a research program aiming at high quality chestnut timber by minimizing the costs and improving the functional features and the stability of the coppice stands.

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Publikationen

Yang, B.; Qin, C.; Bräuning, A.; Osborn, T.J.; Trouet, V.; Ljungqvist, F.C.; Esper, J.; Schneider, L.; Grießinger, J.; Büntgen, U.; Rossi, S.; Dong, G.; Yan, M.; Ning, L.; Wang, J.; Wang, X.; Fan, B.; Wang, S.; Luterbacher, J.; ... Stenseth, N.C., 2022: Reply to weiss: tree-ring stable oxygen isotopes suggest an increase in Asian monsoon rainfall at 4.2 ka BP. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PNAS, 119, 20: e2204067119 (3 pp.). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2204067119

Chen, Y.; Rademacher, T.; Fonti, P.; Eckes-Shephard, A.H.; LeMoine, J.M.; Fonti, M.V.; Richardson, A.D.; Friend, A.D., 2022: Inter-annual and inter-species tree growth explained by phenology of xylogenesis. New Phytologist, 235, 3: 939-952. doi: 10.1111/nph.18195

Seftigen, K.; Fonti, M.V.; Luckman, B.; Rydval, M.; Stridbeck, P.; Von Arx, G.; Wilson, R.; Björklund, J., 2022: Prospects for dendroanatomy in paleoclimatology – a case study on Picea engelmannii from the Canadian Rockies. Climate of the Past, 18, 5: 1151-1168. doi: 10.5194/cp-18-1151-2022

Martínez‐Sancho, E.; Treydte, K.; Lehmann, M.M.; Rigling, A.; Fonti, P., 2022: Drought impacts on tree carbon sequestration and water use – evidence from intra‐annual tree‐ring characteristics. New Phytologist, 236, 1: 58-70. doi: 10.1111/nph.18224

Miller, T.W.; Stangler, D.F.; Larysch, E.; Honer, H.; Seifert, T.; Puhlmann, H.; Von Arx, G.; Fonti, P.; Fonti, M.V.; Rathgeber, C.B.K.; Kahle, H., 2022: Longer and faster: intra-annual growth dynamics of Douglas fir outperform Norway spruce and silver fir over wide climatic gradients. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 321: 108970 (13 pp.). doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108970

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