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Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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The research unit Biodiversity and Conservation Biology studies the diversity of life in its various forms, from genetic diversity to the diversity of species and ecosystems as well as their interactions. In collaboration with partners such as federal, cantonal and local authorities, we elaborate scientific knowledge for management strategies for the conservation of biodiversity and the preservation of natural resources in Switzerland and internationally.

Research groups

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

FURTHER INFORMATION

Projects

INSECT - A research initiative on changes in the insect fauna in Switzerland

How are insects doing in Switzerland? What changes have there been, which are underway, what are their causes? WSL and four partner institutions are investigating these questions in the project INSECT.

Visitor flow management

An agent-based visitor flow management tool that allows for mitigating the conflict between outdoor recreation and biodiversity conservation will be developed for two riverine environments (lower Wigger valley and upper Glatt valley).

Fungal and lichen communities in white-backed woodpecker territories

Is the White-backed Woodpecker an umbrella species - i.e. a species whose protection ensures the survival of the entire species community? In order to answer this question, the lichen and fungal diversity in known territories of the White-backed Woodpecker will be determined in addition to deadwood insects and breeding birds.

Aktionsplan für den Rosenroten Saftling

Im Auftrag des Kantons Bern wird in diesem Projekt ein Aktionsplan für den geschützten und stark gefährdeten Rosenroten Saftling (Hygrocybe calyptriformis) erarbeitet.

ALANex

ALANeX is an inter- and transdisciplinary project that integrates benefits of LED technology and practitioner's experiences to develop future lighting transformation pathways and guide-lines for LED outdoor lighting systems based on sound scientific evidence. To do so, we bring together light engine

Grundlagen für die gebietsfremden Pilze der Schweiz

Im Rahmen dieses Langzeitprojektes sammeln wir Daten zu den gebietsfremden Pilze der Schweiz, beraten Bund und Kantone und erarbeiten Grundlagen für die Praxis.

GenDiB

Intraspecific genetic diversity is a component of biodiversity that is often overlooked. Therefore, GenDiB sets out to compile the basic principles for establishing a new database comprising data on genetic diversity in populations of wild species in Switzerland.

Resiliente Fliessgewässer

Im Projekt "Resiliente Fliessgewässer: Refugien - Vernetzung - Trittsteine " (2022-2026) steht die Untersuchung zur Förderung von resilienten Habitaten und Lebensgemeinschaften durch die Schaffung und Erhaltung von Refugien, Trittsteinen und Vernetzung unter Sicherstellung des Hochwasserschutzes im

Exper-net: Experimental Network Ecology and Restoration

We are conducting a series of experiments, from plant-hummingbird network manipulations to germination trials, to inform landscape restoration.

ProtoAIM - Enhanced Plot Design for Advanced Inventorying and Monitoring

We will enhance the design of the Swiss NFI plots to accomodate an augmented series of measurements, sampling and analysis needed to respond to pressing research question on status and change of the Swiss forest.

AMORE II: Artenmonitoring von Käfern und Pilzen in Fichten- und Tannen-Fichten-Naturwaldreservaten

In diesem Projekt wird ein Arteninventar von xylobionten Käfern und Pilzen in Fichten- bzw. Tannen-Fichten-Naturwaldreservaten im Vergleich zu bewirtschafteten Beständen durchgeführt und es werden Steuergrössen der Diversität identifiziert.

Blue-Green Cyanobacteria: Diversity, Toxins and alpine Tourism

We will assess the cyanobacterial Tintenstrich species richness and community composition as an important part of biodiversity colonizing semiaquatic rock surfaces, characterize their cyanotoxin and secondary metabolite profiles and evaluate the risk of cyanotoxin pollution of alpinwater resources

Global change effects on food webs

Food-web structure is likely affected by global change with consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In this project we study changes in food webs and nutrient fluxes in response to global change drivers in aquatic, terrestrial and interconnected habitats.

Night Light

Die Versuche leisten einen Beitrag zum Verständnis des Effektes von Lichtverschmutzung auf die Natur. Der wissenschaftliche Versuch über die Auswirkungen verschiedener Lampeneigenschaften (Lichtfarbe, Gehäusedesign, Intensität) soll helfen, Nachtlicht nachhaltiger zu gestalten.

Identifying seed sources for highly adaptable oak forests in a changing climate

The international BiodivERsA project ACORN aims to identify oak populations capable to cope with future drought-stress due to climate change.

Feedbacks between Biodiversity and Climate

Despite being an essential element of the biodiversity and climate change crisis, the feedback between biodiversity and climate remains an understudied subject in biodiversity and climate science. The project FeedBaCks will focus on this important interaction between the two disciplines.

Insect biomass developments in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems

We investigate the development of the frequency and species richness of aquatic and terrestrial insect communities in Switzerland.

Revision of the Red List of the threatened fungi in Switzerland

The first Red List of Switzerland's large fungi was published in 2007. Within the framework of this project, a reassessment of the threat levels of Swiss large fungi is being carried out on behalf of the FOEN.

Evidence-based amphibian conservation

In this project, we analyze how local and landscape-scale characteristics influence the blue-green infrastructure used by amphibians and how well newly constructed sites contribute to it.

Integration of biodiversity conservation and forest management

The publication "How to balance biodiversity conservation and forest management - a tour across Europe" written by more than 70 scientific and professional experts from 50 Institutions and 20 different countries explores how to best integrate biodiversity conservation in forest management

Städtische Luftqualität mit Topfpflanzen messen

Einwohnerinnen und Einwohner der Stadt Zürich erhalten die Gelegenheit, Daten für die Umweltforschung zu erheben. Dies im Rahmen des internationalen Citizen Science Projekts strawbAIRies der Universität Antwerpen, an dem neben Zürich die Städte Lissabon, Paris, Poznan, Tartu und Antwerpen teilnehmen

FutureWeb

FutureWeb will integrate predictive biogeography, geography, biostatistics and trophic web ecology to derive an ensemble of scenarios of the impact of global change on multi-trophic vertebrate biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services in Europe.

Forschungsprojekt Tamariske: Genetische Untersuchungen von Myricaria germanica

Das Forschungsprojekt untersucht die genetische Vernetzung entlang der Isel und ihrer Zubringer mithilfe von neutralen, genetischen Markern. Die Rolle von Zubringerflüssen für den Genaustausch wird untersucht.

Hanfpalme: Auswirkungen der Invasion im Wald

Die chinesische Hanfpalme, auch als Tessiner Palme bekannt, ist eine invasive Art der Schwarzen Liste, die sich in den Wäldern südlich der Alpen stark ausbreitet. Sie bildet lokal geschlossene Formationen, in denen die Ökosystemleistungen des Waldes beeinträchtigt werden könnten. Ziel des Projekts ist es, ein Bild der Situationsentwicklung zu vermitteln.

Insect biomass development

We investigate the development of insect abundance trends in Switzerland during the last 30 years.

Fledermaus-Flugkorridore

Wie erreichen Fledermäuse aus ihren Quartieren ihre Jagdlebensräume? Wir modellieren die Korridore im GIS!

Grundlagen Lebensraumkarte Schweiz

Im Projekt werden bereits vorhandene und in Entstehung befindliche Geodatensätze für ihr Potential zur Erstellung einer Lebensraumkarte (nach Delarze, Gonseth, Eggenberg & Vust 2015) für die Schweiz evaluiert. Ein erste Prototyp wird erstellt.

MoGLI – modelling woody species in NFI

The main goal of MoGLI is to project the potential distribution of the most common Swiss woody species across the entire forested area of Switzerland.

Red list of epiphytic and terricolous lichens

The Red list of threatened epiphytic and terricolous lichens in Switzerland from 2002 is being updated between 2017 and 2021. The field work, during which representative data on the distribution and abundance of the species were collected, has been completed. We are currently analysing the data and compiling the Red List.

Saproxylic beetles in forest reserves

Deadwood is an essential habitat for many organisms. We investigate the saproxylic (deadwood-inhabiting) beetles and fungi in beech forest reserves and comparable managed forests.

FuncNet

We study effects of land-use in grasslands and forests on functional plant-insect networks and consequences for ecosystem processes

BioVeins - Connectivity of Urban Green Infrastructure: The Living Veins of a Healthy City

As part of the European ERA Net BiodivERsA program, the project BioVEINS aims at investigating the effects of the local an landscape features of urban green spaces on seven taxonomic groups in seven European cities.

Conserving the flora on erratic blocks

Erratic blocks form small siliceous habitats in the calcareous Swiss lowlands and Jura mountains, harbour special bryophytes and ferns and are endangered by bouldering and shading. The project creates the scientific basis for their conservation.

Tool kit conservation genetics

Partners from the private and academic sector joined to set up a ready-to-use tool kit, which allows authorities and consultancies to apply conservation genetic methods in a standardized way in their everyday work.

Metalink

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a widespread problem affecting natural, cultivated, urban and industrial sites throughout Europe. The main objective in this Swiss/Polish collaboration project is to characterize the links between environmental, genotypic, and phenotypic features in the metal-tolerant plant model Arabidopsis halleri.

CHECNET : coupling human and ecological networks

Human transportation networks are a threat to ecological networks. The CHECNET project develops methods to study the interactions of the two network types, thus informing about the implementation of ecological infrastructure in Switzerland.

GenTree

GenTree aims at providing the European forestry sector with better knowledge, methods and tools for optimizing the management and sustainable use of forest genetic resources in Europe in the context of climate change and continuously evolving demands for forest products and services.

ClimSens - Climate Sensitivity of plants and animals in Switzerland

This project assesses the sensitivity of (mostly) plant and animal species to expected climatic changes.

STACCATO

STACCATO is a BiodivERsA project carried out in collaboration with 10 European Institutions and investigates direct effects of climate and land-use change on biodiversity, as well as indirect effects on ecosystem services.

PiCadapt - Adaptive genetic variation of Swiss stone pine in response to environmental gradients across the Alpine timberline ecotone

PiCadapt aims to study gene-encoded nucleotide variation in the bird-dispersed P. cembra, a keystone tree species of the Alpine timberline ecotone, in response to environmental gradients.

GeneScale

GeneScale describes genomic variation in the Alpine rock-cress (Arabis alpina) and seeks indications of local adaptation to small-scale environmental conditions.

Population ecology of the mountain hare

We study the distribution, abundance and dynamics of a mountain hare population in a strictly protected Alpine ecosystem with annual field surveys and non-invasive genetic methods.

Structural Diversity and Forest Biodiversity

What is the importance of the structural diversity and composition of forest stands for a rich forest biodiversity? This is the key question at the centre of this study.

QuercAdapt

We investigate the relationship between genetic variation and environmental factors, notably soil characteristics, in three native oak species. Thereby we can investigate the adaptedness of the different species and provenances in the context of silvicultural practice under climate change.

Biodiversität und Raumentwicklung

Das Projekt «Biodiversität und Raumentwicklung» untersucht Zusammenhänge zwischen Biodiversität und Raumentwicklung auf Landschaftsebene. Die Resultate sind kartographisch dargestellt und können zur Visualisierung von Szenarien der Landschaftsentwicklung eingesetzt werden.

Revision of the Red List of fern and vascular plants

The accessory study of the revision of the red list of fern and vascular plants aims to evaluate the practicability of using statistical methods as a tool for revisions and quality control of red lists.

Monitoring the Effectiveness of Habitat Conservation in Switzerland

The project "Monitoring the Effectiveness of Habitat Conservation in Switzerland" aims to determine whether habitats of national importance (dry meadows and pastures, alluvial areas, bogs and fens, amphibian breeding sites) are changing according to their conservation targets and maintaining the same surface area and quality.

Climate change and forest birds

In this study, we assess the direct and indirect effects of climate change on the realised ecological niches of habitat specialists of mountain forests by assessing key structural and vegetational habitat components along a climatic gradient.

AVE

The main aim of this SNF-supported SINERGIA project is to characterize adaptive genetic diversity associated with environmental heterogeneity in natural populations of related plant species and to experimentally test the adaptive value of candidate loci under ecologically relevant environmental conditions

BioDiVine

Vineyards are among the oldest anthropogenic environments of high cultural and natural value that shape the landscape of large areas in Central and Southern Europe. In several mountain regions of the Alps, vineyards are a valid alternative to the landscape homogenization due to post-cultural land abandonment and agriculture intensification.

Gene flow in Swiss stone pine

Stone pines depend on nutcrackers for seed dispersal to favorable microsites, while nutcrackers almost exclusively forage on the pines, caching their seeds for winter food reserves. Genetic parentage analysis on juvenile stone pines germinated from cached nuts, will elucidate how dispersal by nutcrackers affects the spatial genetic structure of future pine populations.

Evoltree

A large network of research institutions collaborates within an EC-funded Network of Excellence to study the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems from an evolutionary perspective.

IntraBioDiv

Within an EC-funded project, scientists from WSL study possible correlations between intraspecific diversity and species richness or habitat variation. They want to find and explain possible relationships among different levels of plant biodiversity, to elaborate a modelling approach.

Population model for the capercaillie in the Swiss Alps

We are studying the metapopulation biology of Alpine capercaillie using a) traditional field methods, and b) landscape ecological, and c) population genetic approaches.

Quality wood production

The WSL initiated together with other institutions a research program aiming at high quality chestnut timber by minimizing the costs and improving the functional features and the stability of the coppice stands.

Windthrow fauna

After the devestating windstorms in 1990 (Vivian) and 1999 (Lothar) investigations were started to monitor the development and succession of the insect fauna on cleared and uncleared windthrow areas, relative to control treatments in the intact forest. Until now, insects have been sampled during 7 (Vivian) and 4 (Lothar) years.

Flussgebietsmanagement

Wir erarbeiten ökologische und wasserbauliche Grundlagen zur Revitalisierung von Fliessgewässern und unterstützen so deren Planung und Umsetzung.

WATER

A network of four research institutions collaborates within an EC-funded Network of Excellence to determine and understand the influence of genetic diversity of trees and site water regime on neutral and functional diversities of the associated mycorrhizal community.

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Staff

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Prof. Dr. Rolf Holderegger	Head of Research Unit, Member of Directors Board
Prof. Dr. Christoph Scheidegger	Senior Scientist

Ecosystem Dynamics

Dr. Ariel Bergamini	Groupleader
Angéline Bedolla	technical expert II
Irene Bisang	Visiting scientist
Dr. Steffen Boch	Scientific staff member
Melina Bucher	Master student
Irene Bühlmann	Scientific staff member
Francesco Caponi	Visiting scientist
Dr. Klaus Ecker	Scientific staff member
Dr. Sabine Franziska Fink	Scientific staff member
Dr. Ulrich Graf	Scientific staff member
Ilaria Rita Guiducci	PhD student
Jana Horbach	Bachelor student
Helen Küchler	Temporary employee
Dr. Meinrad Küchler	temporary employee
Margaux Leisi	Scientific assistant
Maeve Lin	Master student
Dr. Helen Moor	Visiting scientist
Tobias Moser	Technical staff member
George Müller	Bachelor student
Juliana Oliveira	PhD student
Markus Peintinger	Visiting scientist
Dr. Noémie Pichon	Postdoc
Dr. Francesca Pittino	Postdoc
Dr. Kristel Van Zuijlen	Visiting scientist

Conservation Biology

Dr. Kurt Bollmann	Groupleader, Senior Scientist
Bruno Auf der Maur	Scientific assistant
Dr. Stefan Blaser	Technical staff member
Dr. Fabio Bontadina	Visiting scientist
Jonas Brännhage	Scientific assistant
Joan Casanelles Abella	Visiting scientist
Mathieu Cretton	Scientific assistant
Alena De Roos	Visiting scientist
Dr. Michael Dietrich	Scientific staff member
Dr. Andreas Dietzel	Visiting scientist
Dr. Peter Duelli	Visiting scientist
Joël Frey	Civil service employee
Markus Gabathuler	Scientific assistant
Dr. Friederike Gebert	Visiting scientist
Ninetta Elena Graf	Technical staff member
Dr. Andrin Gross	Scientific staff member
Dr. Thomas Hertach	Visiting scientist
Dominik Andrin Hummel	Technical staff member
Dr. Christine Keller	Scientific staff member
Pascal Kipf	Scientific assistant
Dominik Landolt	Civil service employee
Margaux Leisi	Scientific assistant
Daria Lipsky	Temporary employee
Nicole Manser	PhD student guest
Emiliano Medici	Scientific assistant
Dr. Marco Moretti	Senior Scientist
Dr. Felix Morsdorf	Visiting scientist
Dr. Martin Obrist	Scientific staff member
Kilian Perrelet	PhD student guest
Maik Rehnus	temporary employee
Lena Roth	Bachelor student
Dr. Markus Schlegel	Scientific staff member
Simonetta Selva	Master student
PD Dr. Beatrice Senn	Visiting scientist
Silvia Stofer	Scientific staff member
Artemis Diana Treindl	Scientific staff member
Jan Vigués Jorba	PhD student
Lucia Villarroya-Villalba	Temporary employee
Petr Vlcek	Scientific assistant
Gesa von Hirschheydt	PhD student
Veronika Zengerer	lab technician

Ecological Genetics

Dr. Martina Peter	Groupleader
Dr. Felix Gugerli Künzle	Deputy Groupleader, Senior Scientist
Dr. Alicja Agnieszka Babst-Kostecka	Visiting scientist
Dalinda Bouraoui	Technical staff member
Sabine Brodbeck	Technical staff member
Dr. Corine Buser-Schöbel	Scientific staff member
Dr. Gözde Fatma Cilingir	Scientific staff member
Sevil Cosgun	PhD student guest
Dr. Benjamin Dauphin	Scientific staff member
Leandra Fritsi	Apprentice
Nicolai Gmünder	Master student
René Graf	Technical staff member
Dr. Christine Grossen	Scientific staff member
Cristina Haldemann	Scientific assistant
Dr. Deborah Marie Leigh	Scientific staff member
Meret Mosimann	Trainee
Dr. Lars Opgenoorth	Visiting scientist
Stephanie Pfister	lab technician
Ninna Lykke Poulsen	Master student
Dr. Christian Rellstab	Scientific staff member
Felix Zimmermann	Master student

Spatial Evolutionary Ecology

Prof. Dr. Catherine Graham	Groupleader, Senior Scientist
Michelle Achermann-Sidler	Administrative staff member
Dr. Elisa Barreto Pereira	Postdoc
Dr. Morgane Brosse	Visiting scientist
Dr. Nadia Cristina Castro Izaguirre	Technical staff member
Dr. Matthias Dehling	scientific staff member
Dr. Francois Duchenne	Postdoc
Isabela Galarda Varassin	Visiting scientist
Anna Sofia Görlich	PhD student
Dr. Esteban Guevara	Visiting scientist
Roman Manuel Marti	Guest
Dr. Ian Ramsey McFadden	Postdoc
Kerstin Niedermaier	Temporary employee
Dr. Marco Túlio Pacheco Coelho	Postdoc
Dr. Luca Pegoraro	Postdoc
Amira Sharief	Visiting scientist
Dr. Rafael Wüest Karpati	Technical staff member

Evolutionary genetics

Dr. Katalin Csillery	Groupleader
Davide Bernasconi	Trainee
Yohann Chauvier	Postdoc
Mirjam Kurz	Aushilfe / Gastwissenschafterin
Johanna Sophie Mattenklodt	Temporary employee
Nadiia Matus	Aushilfe / Wiss. Assistentin
Azzurra Pistone	Trainee
Dr. Nicole Ponta	Projektkoordinatorin
Camilla Stefanini	PhD student

Ecological fluid dynamics

Dr. Markus Holzner	Groupleader, Senior Scientist
Stefano Brizzolara	PhD student
Dr. Marius Mihai Neamtu-Halic	Postdoc
Dr. Alon Nissan	Visiting scientist
Francesco Parrella	PhD student guest
Dr. Ron Shnapp-Omer	Postdoc
Till Zeugin	PhD student

Publications

Pittino, F.; Zawierucha, K.; Poniecka, E.; Buda, J.; Rosatelli, A.; Zordan, S.; Azzoni, R.S.; Diolaiuti, G.; Ambrosini, R.; Franzetti, A., 2023: Functional and taxonomic diversity of anaerobes in supraglacial microbial communities. Microbiology Spectrum, doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01004-22

Van Mensel, A.; Wuyts, K.; Pinho, P.; Muyshondt, B.; Aleixo, C.; Alos Orti, M.; Casanelles-Abella, J.; Chiron, F.; Hallikma, T.; Laanisto, L.; Moretti, M.; Niinemets, Ü.; Tryjanowski, P.; Samson, R., 2023: The magnetic signal from trunk bark of urban trees catches the variation in particulate matter exposure within and across six European cities. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25397-8

Pittino, F.; Buda, J.; Ambrosini, R.; Parolini, M.; Crosta, A.; Zawierucha, K.; Franzetti, A., 2023: Impact of anthropogenic contamination on glacier surface biota. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 80: 102900 (8 pp.). doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102900

Kurz, M.; Kölz, A.; Gorges, J.; Pablo Carmona, B.; Brang, P.; Vitasse, Y.; Kohler, M.; Rezzonico, F.; Smits, T.H.M.; Bauhus, J.; Rudow, A.; Hansen, O.K.; Vatanparast, M.; Sevik, H.; Zhelev, P.; Gömöry, D.; Paule, L.; Sperisen, C.; Csilléry, K., 2023: Tracing the origin of Oriental beech stands across Western Europe and reporting hybridization with European beech - implications for assisted gene flow. Forest Ecology and Management, 531: 120801 (14 pp.). doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.120801

Karger, D.N.; Nobis, M.P.; Normand, S.; Graham, C.H.; Zimmermann, N.E., 2023: CHELSA-TraCE21k - high-resolution (1 km) downscaled transient temperature and precipitation data since the Last Glacial Maximum. Climate of the Past, 19, 2: 439-456. doi: 10.5194/cp-19-439-2023

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Master thesis

Open master thesis

Differences in the distribution of genetic variants among neighbouring populations of mountain hares (Lepus timidus) in the Alps

The mountain hare (Lepus timidus) is a genuine Arctic species in its Alpine range, where it lives as glacial relict populations with high site fidelity at high elevations. Thus, it is considered to be particularly vulnerable to climate change by habitat loss and increasing habitat fragmentation. Non-invasive genetic samples (feces) have been sampled at various locations within and around the Swiss National Park (SNP) to study potential relationships and connectivity among populations. In this Master's thesis, the aim is to derive the degree of connectivity among these populations. Furthermore, a time series from a genetic monitoring in the SNP (2014-2022) may be re-visited to follow up on the population trends in this intensively studied site.

More information (PDF)

Investigating local adaptation in the spring leaf phenology of European white oaks

In this Master thesis, you will look at budburst variation within the WSL common garden to identify differences in spring leaf development between oak species and provenances, and perform a GWAS analysis to map the genes that potentially control this trait. The aim is to improve our understanding of variation in white oak budburst across Europe, so that we can incorporate this trait into guidelines for future plantings. In this project you will work in the experiment at WSL measuring spring budburst (this occurs from April to early June) and work with genomic data.

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Services and products

Monitoring the Effectiveness of Habitat Conservation in Switzerland

BATLOGGER

The BATLOGGER is a recording system for ultrasound bat echolocation calls. It helps considerably in observing bats and identify species. It is being sold by an external partner, see www.batlogger.com

Person in charge: Martin Obrist

BatScope

BatScope allows to consistently import recordings from BATLOGGERs (and other devices), the structured storage of these data in projects and recording events, visual control of the recordings (spectrograms), and the automated recognition of the calling bat species.

Person in charge: Martin Obrist

SwissFungi

In the national data and information centre SwissFungi, we compile collection data and environmental data on the species of fungus that exist in Switzerland, and thereby document spatial and temporal changes in their populations. SwissFungi provides the basis for implementing conservation measures for fungus.

Person in charge: Andrin Gross

SwissLichens

In the national data and information centre SwissLichens, we compile data on lichen habitats and their ecology, and in doing so document spatial and temporal changes in their populations in Switzerland. SwissLichens provides the basis for implementing conservation measures for lichens.

Person in charge: Silvia Stofer

Flora indicativa

Die «Flora indicativa» umfasst ökologische und biologische Eigenschaften von rund 5500 Gefässpflanzen-, 600 Moos- und 200 Flechtenarten der Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen. Das Buch wird ergänzt um die Software Flora indicativa, welche die Darstellung und Verwendung der Daten ermöglicht.

Person in charge: Michael Nobis